Egypt, known as the « Cradle of Civilization », fascinates lovers of history, culture, and adventure. Situated between Africa and Asia, this country attracts with its rich historical heritage as well as its diverse economy and opportunities for expatriates. Whether you’re exploring ancient monuments or seeking professional opportunities, this complete guide will accompany you in discovering Egypt.
Exploring Egypt : Treasure for Expatriates
Egypt appeals to expatriates due to its historical richness, varied landscapes, and growing economy. With a population exceeding 100 million, the country offers exciting opportunities across sectors like agriculture, tourism, oil, and services. However, moving to Egypt requires understanding not only its history but also its economic and cultural realities.
Egypt’s economy : Diversity and growth
Egypt has one of the most diversified economies in the Middle East and Africa, supported by pillars such as agriculture, tourism, oil and gas extraction, and manufacturing. As an expatriate, these sectors offer exciting employment and investment opportunities.
Agriculture : Traditional and modern pillar
Around 30 % of Egypt’s workforce is employed in agriculture. The Nile River plays a critical role in irrigating fields, enabling the cultivation of crops such as cotton, rice, wheat, and sugarcane. While essential, the agricultural sector faces challenges related to climate and water management.
Tourism : Key sector
Tourism remains one of Egypt’s main sources of foreign currency. Before the COVID-19 pandemic, Egypt welcomed around 13 million tourists annually, contributing nearly 12 % of the national GDP. Iconic sites like the Pyramids of Giza, the Valley of the Kings, and the temples of Luxor attract millions of visitors. For expatriates, working or investing in tourism, particularly in Red Sea resorts, can be lucrative.
Oil and Gas : Strategic resource
Egypt also stands out for its oil and natural gas reserves, with fields in the Gulf of Suez and the Mediterranean Sea representing a significant portion of exports. For expatriates working in energy or seeking investment, this sector offers numerous opportunities, particularly with recent gas discoveries.
Cost of living and local currency
The official currency is the Egyptian pound (EGP), with 1 USD equaling approximately 31.00 EGP, though exchange rates can fluctuate based on global economic conditions. For expatriates, the cost of living is generally more affordable than in other Middle Eastern countries. For instance, a meal at a restaurant typically costs 3 to 5 USD, while an apartment in downtown Cairo can be rented for around 300 to 800 USD per month, depending on location and quality.
Must-see places in Egypt
Moving to Egypt also offers the chance to live near millennia-old historical sites, making the country a true showcase of global heritage.
Pyramids of Giza
Located on the outskirts of Cairo, the Pyramids of Giza, including the Great Pyramid of Khufu, are symbols of ancient Egypt. These monumental structures attract millions of tourists annually and exemplify the architectural genius of the Pharaonic era, remaining among the world’s oldest landmarks.
Sphinx
Nearby the pyramids, the Sphinx is a colossal statue with a lion’s body and a human head that continues to captivate visitors. It symbolizes the power of the pharaohs and the complexity of Egyptian culture.
Egyptian Museum in Cairo
The Egyptian Museum in Cairo houses invaluable treasures, including those of Tutankhamun and royal mummies. This museum is a must-visit for anyone wishing to understand Egypt’s ancient history.
Karnak temple and the Valley of the Kings
In Luxor, you’ll find Karnak Temple, one of the world’s largest religious complexes, dedicated to Amun, and the Valley of the Kings, renowned for the tombs of pharaohs. These iconic sites are historical gems that allow deep exploration into Egypt’s rich cultural heritage.
Alexandria
Founded by Alexander the Great, the city of Alexandria is known for its Bibliotheca Alexandrina, continuing the legacy of the famous Library of Alexandria. The city also boasts the Qaitbay Citadel, a medieval fortress built on the site of the ancient Lighthouse of Alexandria.
When to visit Egypt ?
If you’re an expatriate, knowing the best times to visit Egypt can enhance your experience. The high tourist season runs from November to March when temperatures are milder and perfect for outdoor activities. During this period, accommodation prices can increase, while June to August, characterized by high temperatures, are more favorable for affordable stays in beach resorts like Hurghada or Sharm El-Sheikh.
