Encouraging job creation

The clandestine migration of young Malagasy, driven by unemployment and lack of opportunities, deprives the country of crucial skills in key areas.

Madagascar has remarkable demographic potential, with more than 60% of its population under 25 years old. However, due to the lack of opportunities, this youth often opts for exile. According to the International Organization for Migration (IOM), nearly fifteen thousand young Malagasy attempted to leave their country clandestinely in 2020. This trend is growing annually, leading to a decrease in skills in areas such as agriculture, health, and digital technology. According to the National Institute of Statistics of Madagascar (Instat), this migration creates a gap in crucial areas for the country’s progress.

This migration is largely influenced by the youth unemployment rate. According to the World Bank, more than 15% of young people in Madagascar are unemployed, especially in rural areas. Due to the lack of economic prospects, a large number of young people choose to leave the country, jeopardizing its economic future. Furthermore, poverty and lack of jobs fuel clandestine migration.

Measures taken to control migratory movements, such as stopping exit visas, have often had the opposite effect. These circumstances have led to an increase in irregular migrations, orchestrated by private agencies or the migrants themselves. Several measures can be considered to reduce this trend. It is crucial to promote entrepreneurship and improve vocational training in high-potential areas.

This can provide tangible alternatives to migration. It is also necessary for public policies to encourage the creation of sustainable jobs in crucial areas of the country.